The RSI is a momentum oscillator that compares recent gains to losses in a given security. It is calculated using the formula:

RSI = 100 – [100 / (1 + RS)]

Here, RS represents the average gain divided by the average loss over a specified time period. Typically, a 14-day period is used, but traders can customize this based on their preferences.

The RSI ranges from 0 to 100. Readings above 70 indicate overbought conditions, while readings below 30 suggest oversold conditions. These levels help identify potential trend reversals or confirm existing trends.

Traders utilize the RSI to identify buying and selling opportunities in financial markets. When the RSI indicates oversold conditions, it suggests a potential undervaluation and a likely price increase. Conversely, overbought readings may indicate a potential selling opportunity.

One common strategy is to wait for the RSI to cross above or below the 50 level. Crossing above 50 is considered a bullish signal, indicating increasing momentum, while crossing below 50 is a bearish signal, indicating decreasing momentum.

Traders also look for divergences between the RSI and price action. Divergence suggests a change in momentum and potentially signals a trend reversal.

The RSI, like other technical indicators, has limitations. It is a lagging indicator, relying on past price data and not always accurately predicting future price movements. It can also produce false signals in choppy or sideways markets, potentially leading to losses for traders who solely rely on it.